Page Four Aparlheid: An Cont. from p. 2 1 remote place and carry away‘ local news. 1 This system was almost idcn , tical to the way the public got its information in the England, of Chaucer's time. Dates worel indicated by seasons and nea‘ markable historical events such as famines, wa battles and supernatural revelations l Literature in most places was tDr'iIl. stories were told for entertainment, moral in. l structioii and commentaries on local current events. Poems wcrc recited; songs, composed. sung and stored by memor Both in literature and history memory proved remark. ably accurate in chronology of events. Medicine was chiefly the 0:: cupation of magicians who coi . mandcd a striking pliariiraceu cal knowledge of various her roots and mixtures for the euic of a variety of diseases. Their, competence often extend-Ll )ntO‘ the spheres of p5ycllongV,l ascribing some illnesses and dis- eases to the ill-will of neiglle bors when medical diagii '> could not account for the i adv By modern evaluation it appai nt that these magicians; possessed exceptional powers oil telepathy or suggestion. l , Under the conditions listed 1 ‘ above, education was acquir- l ed by simply growing up in l the experience of the rcspeb tive stitutions. The coming of the European to Africa coincided with a new orientation in education. leading to new institutions. This process has been conditioned by five main factors: 1. The imperialists and colon- lonial governments and white minority populations have rev acted in two ways with in between variations. First, the educational admine lstl‘allon departments With neg- ligible African representation, have sought to regulate African education on nictropolitian con— cepts with no adaptation iieecs- sai-y under African conditions. Thus they ariogotcd to than» selves the right to decide how many Africans shall receive education at uliich institutions under what conditions. Secondly. other gov'cl‘nmients with a cynical power on and the abuse of the African ap- proach, have proclaimed educa-. tion with an unfounded illusion that it is “Western” to be the monopoly of the white race and have denounced the Afr an to debasemcnt and indoctrination in an attempt to enslave his mentality and condemn him to perpetual subjection. South At- rica is a notorious example. lin view of the foregoing facts, my attitude takes con» sideration of the following points. I feel that political independence and self.deterin- initiation are a prerequisite for full educational opportunities for the African people, and the struggle for their achieve— ments should always bear this in mind. A democratic reallocation of ,resources, both before and after independence, is a vital condi- 1tional for the equality of edu- ‘African students i feel that in- stitutions of higher learning and luniveisities should be‘ expand- :ed to meet fully the needs of .each country. Technical education should be African View — SCARLET AND BLACK i l The abuse of disciplinary pow.‘ by Star! Reporter cr by institutional authorities is in a record four and one. the topic of El resolution pas ed quarter 1‘0“? 95510“ Wednes- last weekend by the Amciicau day night, Association of University pr approved the passage of a num- cssors at their annual Coll\’en»leY 0‘ "1310f billsi allotted 31* tion, most $400 to various organic . i The r -olutinn states thatlt‘m‘s 0“ Campus and heard m- .“The forty scvcnth annual mectelports I“°'“.“'m°-‘l “My 0mm in; up the Amman Asmmmn and committee connected with of University Fromm} dwimsstudcnt government at Grinnell. the mum M l Among the hills passed was a of penalties by; ‘ university and college autllorltiesvmotion made by Jack chapman, ‘fl‘es'hnl'slll class president, “that and of student botlies- who par-l , _ ltlie executive cabinet shall ap~ i ticipate in peaceful dcmonstr , mm on m. on. the campus in point two student members and a chairman to serve on a support of causes which inayl , , , be m the” communmcs freshman orientation ColnmlSr sion. ”These demonstrations have ,. . . . , been concerned not only with w lihfhcmlglnxssmgd31?;iétr2/t‘izfi i eliminating racial segregation throughout am ‘83, i hm ‘ l but with such matters as come “in, New Studeym‘m“ ,V‘ d i pulsory militaryrlminillg and thczlbcm us ”mug; “r1; ‘allegetl abuses of power by ‘ Th" 1 - ”m l legislativc committees ‘ gm“ ° “mm“ “f E - New Student Days group leadr ers shall complete the meme bership of the commission." There was a great deal bickering by members of ,Scnate about this motion. One, of the most hotly contested points was the number of mm, ibei-s to be on the commission: ‘Chapman’s original motion creat— jed place for five, but this we .later amended to eight, lour‘ The A.A.U.P., along with thclmcn and rm” “'Omcn- i‘ Natmnal Student Association, Another amendment was iateri ‘also officially designated thisiadded to the motion, directingl l “Punitive action against the ldeinonstrators constitutes an a— ibusc of atitlioiity by administra— gtors and governing odies. We ‘call upon the autho es of cul- lleges and universities not to be misled by public pressures into lpunitlve action which impairs lthe learning process and destroys lthe Civil liberties of students jand faculty alike." of they the Student Senatc' Friday. April 28. 19- Academic Freedomfiena’fe‘Apprétles Major Bills, Resolution Passed iAllo’rS Money To Encampmen to the Grinuell Review to cov expenses incurred for this yea publication. In add ion, the Senatc hea and approved an important r poi-t made by Bill ilcrman, s cial coordinator on the propos $10 raise in thc social foe. licrman said, in response t a question, that a raise in th Social fee {proposed from '3 $40 per year) will be the in substantial raise in such a lo within the last 10 )ears. The benefits for students w ‘include an lncl‘case m the co cci-t budget from three to cig concerts a year, an increase ‘the movie budge to get 20 fill instead of 12, with an emphz on newer films, an mere“ non—date functions, stiinulau of intellectual events and a i gular subsidy to the supp ‘ club. “A 510 raise in the social f8 iHerman said, ”averages out to approximately 29 cents per we per student. Only with such raise can an adequate and b anced social program be obtai ed at Grinnell. This plan ho ever, needs the wholehearl support of the students. If majority of Grinncll students not favor such an iiicrea President Bowen will not r oiiimcnd it to the trustees,“ A vote will be taken on th plan at Monday nigh‘ hous- meetings, Herman urg,d a senators to speak in favor - it at their housemectings. Cam Hendershot, Senate Spea week as Academic Frcedon-ilthe FOmmlssion “ta prerare a ‘Weck. According to Saniuellposmve Program for next year’s? Baron (history), this is an an—‘New Student Days and all-cam-‘ nual event to call attention to DU} orientation program” In the importance of academic frce— this amended form. the mo-l dom. the right of professors and “on was finally passed by the‘er, proposed that the Sen. students to speak and iiiouirc Senalm lnleCt ti ce a week because ,freely into matters ot coneernl The other major bill passed ian extremely heavy amount ‘to them in academic work. : was the total adoption of the-l work yet to be completed. Aft stablished in African countries baron says that students and ialists in the early days, inter ested only in economic and po- litical exploitation. had no plans for African education. The .efe fects of their activities broke down the indigenous orienta— tion of African education, for, by removing people from the lands they conquered to labor areas of their choice, they de—_ strayed the coherence of the see eiety which was the basis of that education. As time Went on, the imperial-‘ ists and Colonialists discovered. that to make exploitation more efficient, it give the Africans ed the basic approach to Ali can education in colonial Afr rice, 2. The missionaries who pi . ceded the imperialists. paving the way for them accidentally or by design, saw education as a basic factor in thereonversion of the African to Christianity. Though this has also remai - ed a substantial aspect of their approach, the missionaries ex» panded educational services for the African more rapidly than colonial governments, and ca ried this responsibility for a long tune with no sympathy or subsidy from those govern- ments, For the role which the mis- sionaries have played in At- rican education we put on record our grateful apprecia. tion. 3. After the impact of two factors above, the All-leans were faced with the inevitabil- ity of change, They discovered in the new educational orienta- tion positive represented progress, These ele- ments indicated a historical process through which educa- tion spread over tries and civilizations, acquiring new attributes, building up heritage for mankind with no respect to race, color, or creed. The result was an active enr thusiasm y Africans to further- the cause of education, an ac- tivc desire which has cxpi-css cd itself through every sacii- ficc and short to acquire edu— cation. 4. Compellcd cvcntualiy by circumstances, but with open rclutance to regard African education as part of policy in territorial administration, (:0- was necessary to- a modicum, of education. This has remaine‘ tlli'.z elements whicll‘ many cottil-‘ where it does not exist and in< tensified where it already exists, so as to produce enough tech. nologists to undertake the rap. id industrialization of Ail‘ica. In conclusion 1 strongly ecn—, demn the education system in‘i South Africa which seeks to‘ brainwash the African mind by 'the Bantu Education ‘Act. the Extension of University Act, the establishment of tribal univer— sities and the teaching of racist ideas such as the big gun of apartheid, I hope you will join in with me in denouncing this attitude. ‘ iBrown Will Speak l In Herrick Chapel i I Dr. William Brown, one of the 1i t three Negro Methodist mis- Liberia, will speak in Herrick chapel at ll next Friday morn-t of the Younger Churches ini Africa." I board of religion and the Wes-l ‘ley fellowship wtll sponsor a cof-‘ 1turing Dr. Brown, *SDX M b G . em ers 0 Four members of the Grinncll chapter of sigma Delta Chi. Herbert Prescott (Englislrjour- nalism), chapter adviser. are at- ‘today and tomorrow in Des ,Momes. i The tour students are Pat lIuJ ‘bcr, chapter president. Paul Giersbacli and John Moi-i , Oth- er members of the simpler may slonarles to sail to Angola 2110“ mg. His subject is “The Dilemma At 4:15, Friday afternoon. the ‘fec hour in Younker lounge tea-i T S M ' 0 late eellng men‘s journalistic society, and tending on SDX state convention , l Samuel, vice presidcnt, Walter join the group on Saturday ‘ Among the events which are being featured at the convention re a keynote speech by Paul c. Smith, pi-csidcnt ot the National llzditorial A. ociation; a banquet ihonoriiig Frank Miller, cartoonist lit)! the Des Moines Register «speech by Henry Fclscn. iourmrt ist and novelist; and a press coii. ilcrcnec with Gov. Norman Erbe. .Morris will make the introduct— ,ion for Gov. Erbe, a I CoflKP’s orientation program. in long period of debate his pl mum are my fortunate in, Dan Herndon gave a report posal was accepted. Thus, t ‘ for the encampment Colnnllttee.‘budge[ will be considered the area of academic freedom i _ . . at Grinnelt. In a great many lHe‘ml"n “was“ 327“ thay 2, and May 4 will be‘ us to consider women’s house rul schools pmfessm and Sub ,funds to set up an encampment :Final passage of women's hot ‘next September. The request The Senate also allotted bloo‘rules is scheduled for May dents are dismissed for taking l . was carried. flrott Our ofem unpopular stands on issues, l The A.A.U.P, is a 47 year old, as. elation with a membership of 46,000 college and university professors which has been a vigorous fighter for academic freedom in this country. The organization investigates cases which seem to violate principles of academic freedom in colleges and universities. if they find actual violations, the A.A.U.P. will censure the ad ministration of these institutions and will keep it on the cen- sured list until the mode of ups eration is changed, According to Baron, such action has proved to be quite effective. Until recently the Arthur. has interested itself principal. { ly with the rights of faculty , » members, They are now be- - ginning to concern themselves \ with the academic freedom of . students also. Baron attended the A.A.U P. annual Convention in Boston last weekend. ’ GLASSES Made cnd Repaired in our Laboratory. Con-lad Lenses CASES AND SOLUTIONS — MISS MARIANN RICE — EYES 1961 CYCLONE QUEEN EXAMINED E. J. Jensen. 0.0. ptomerrisr Iarizum Rice is ll Senior Sociology major from Per V and is [we itlent 01’ Main hall. She is the sccrcinry of AWS Board and :1 member Lil ISEA. WELLHQUSE STlEBlQ Across from Post Office [is —— Mom Would Like Your Picture For Mothers Day